Viola - Winter/Early Spring, 2002-2003

Flower Color, Plot Development Over Time, Overall Performance and Comments
 
Family: Violaceae
Scientific Name:  Viola cornuta
Common Names:  Horned Viola, Viola, Miniature Pansy or Johnny Jump-up
Common plant pest problems: arthropods such as insects, mites and pill bugs; gastropods such as slugs and snails; plant diseases such as fungus, bacteria and virus. Insects: Aphids.  Pea leafminer (found here, but records show no established population in this state).

Disease: Alternaria leaf spot, Botrytis cinerarea Pers. ex Fr., gray mold; Cercospora violae Sacc., leafspot; Colletotrichum violae-tricoloris R. E. Sm., anthracnose; Fusarium oxysorum Schlecht. var aurantiacum (LK.) Wr., root rot; Pytophthora parasitica Dast., root and crown rot, leaf blight; Pythium sp., root rot, damping-off; Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn, root and stem rot, damping-off;  Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., southern blight; Sphaceloma violae Jenk., scab; Sphaerotheca macularis (Wallr. ex Fr.) W. B. Cooke [S. humili (DC. Burr.)], powdery mildew; Stemphylium sp., leaf spot; edema (physiological problem) (Index of Plant Diseases in Florida, 1984 revision.).  Thielaviopsis root rot is also found on this crop.

Pest Control:  University of Florida - EDIS: Pest Management Guides
More Information: Trial Report, or Other publications on this trial.

 Additional Information
 
Honors:                     Best-of-class (BC).  We select the best performer in each class, based on the "overall rating".  This rating may not be high, if the class does not perform well; also, the rating may not be significantly different from one or more members of the class. If two or more members of a class received the same overall rating, we used another rating to determine BC.  If only one cultivar was entered in a class, it automatically becomes uncontested BC.  See "Research Papers" detailed information. In addition to BC, other "honors" received for these cultivars maybe added to BC at a later date, time permitting.  Seed companies may forward these honors (awards) to Rick Kelly. 
Rating System: Foliage and flower ratings are combined to generate the "overall rating" listed below for each cultivar within its class.  The rating is a 1 to 7 scale: 7- all foliage and flowers free from defects; 4- average foliage and flower condition, minimal plant defects or pest damage to tissue, but  still acceptable; 1- foliage and/or flowers with severe defects and/or severely infested with pests and damage unacceptable, making plant undesirable.  Plant death due to soilborne pests may be factored into the overall rating, if it is a significant problem.  Refer to "Research Papers" for details.  Generally, ratings with an "a" are the best in a class.  If cultivars share the same letters, those ratings are considered to be similar to each other.  If there are no letters, there is only one cultivar in a class or all the members of a class have similar ratings.
 
Seed was sown 10 October and transplants set in the fields on 3 December.
American Takii Ball Seed Bodger Seeds Floranova Plant Breeders Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds The Flower Fields Grimes Seeds & Plants Kieft Seeds Holland E. Benary Seed of America PanAmerican Seed Sahin Sakata Seed America Syngenta Seeds
 

Creeping class - assorted colors

All the creeping class are dissimilar in color and are evaluated in this trial to choose the best creeper, regardless of color class.

 

 Creeping (yellow w/pink cap) class  

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Four Seasons Yellow W/Pink Wing'

VT-02-03-36C-1.jpg (323602 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-36C-2.JPG (287037 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-36C-3.JPG (290920 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-36C-4.JPG (296994 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-36C-5.JPG (119842 bytes)

5.8

36. Best-of-class for all creeping. Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL36.JPG (238944 bytes)

Sahin

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-36C-D5-6.JPG (313551 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-36C-D5-7.JPG (333500 bytes)

Comments: Cap (wing) petals have more of a purple blue-violet hue in these pictures.
 

 

Creeping (white with cream face and dark purple, blue-violet cap) class

  

'Sparkler Purple Wing'

VT-02-03-99C-1.jpg (328434 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-99C-2.JPG (280049 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-99C-3.JPG (280372 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-99C-4.JPG (306228 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-99C-5.JPG (118046 bytes)

5.4

99.Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL99a.JPG (277124 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-FL99b.JPG (281543 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-99C-D5-6.JPG (324674 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-99C-D5-7.JPG (339126 bytes)

Comments:  color quite variable.
 

Creeping (white) class

'Rebel White'

VT-02-03-117C-1.jpg (330576 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-117C-2.JPG (264929 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-117C-3.JPG (265385 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-117C-4.JPG (267077 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-117C-5.JPG (100615 bytes)

5.0

117 - Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL117.JPG (331932 bytes)

Ball Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-117C-D5-6.JPG (313899 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-117C-D5-7.JPG (328273 bytes)

Comments:  Best-of-class for its color in winter 2001-2002.
 

Creeping (yellow) class

'Rebel Yellow'

VT-02-03-118C-1.jpg (328103 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-118C-2.JPG (281011 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-118C-3.JPG (280674 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-118C-4.JPG (288105 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-118C-5.JPG (117290 bytes)

5.6

118 - Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL118.JPG (298164 bytes)

Ball Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-118C-D5-6.JPG (319879 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-118C-D5-7.JPG (328432 bytes)

Comments: Best-of-class for its color in winter 2001-2002.
 

 

Creeping (blue/yellow/white) class

  

'Rebel Blue and Yellow'

VT-02-03-119C-1.jpg (282345 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-119C-2.JPG (283617 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-119C-3.JPG (285293 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-119C-4.JPG (286231 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-119C-5.JPG (116768 bytes)

5.4

119 - Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL119a.JPG (284090 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-FL119b.JPG (238423 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-FL119c.JPG (301076 bytes)

Ball Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-119C-D5-6.JPG (316133 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-119C-D5-7.JPG (334217 bytes)

Comments:  White is a minor color that shows up in some of the flowers (see 2001-2002 winter trial), but is not shown in the flowers here.   Best-of-class for its color in winter 2001-2002.
 

Creeping (Purple, blue-violet/yellow/white) class

'Eryln Purple Yellow'

VT-02-03-141C-1.jpg (330591 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-141C-2.JPG (293425 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-141C-3.JPG (313280 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-141C-4.JPG (313988 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-141C-5.JPG (118538 bytes)

5.6

141. Best-of-class for color, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL141.JPG (231312 bytes)

Kieft Seeds Holland

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-141C-D5-6.JPG (330115 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-141C-D5-7.JPG (356031 bytes)

Comments:

 

  

Creeping purple (dark), violet-red w/violet-blue-white shades class

    

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Skippy White W/Violet Wing'

VT-02-03-140C-1.jpg (324713 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-140C-2.JPG (286295 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-140C-3.JPG (282224 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-140C-4.JPG (300178 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-140C-5.JPG (118551 bytes)

5.7

140.  Best-of-class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL140.JPG (247712 bytes)
Kieft Seeds Holland

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-140C-D5-6.JPG (325384 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-140C-D5-7.JPG (335053 bytes)

 
Comments:

 

Creeping purple (dark), red-violet with orange eye class

    

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Sparkler Purple Orange Face'

VT-02-03-100C-1.jpg (244209 bytes)

VT-02-03-100C-2.JPG (269807 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-100C-3.JPG (280157 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-100C-4.JPG (288127 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-100C-5.JPG (102131 bytes)

5.7

100. Best-of-class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL100.JPG (96541 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-100C-D5-6.JPG (303854 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-100C-D5-7.JPG (314697 bytes)

Comments: 

Creeping purple, red-violet with yellow blotch class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Sparkler Purple Yellow Face'

VT-02-03-101C-1.jpg (244833 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-101C-2.JPG (270466 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-101C-3.JPG (272301 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-101C-4.JPG (318011 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-101C-5.JPG (116011 bytes)

5.3

101. Best-of-class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL101.JPG (306040 bytes)

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-101C-D5-6.JPG (322971 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-101C-D5-7.JPG (322696 bytes)

Comments: 

Standard class - assorted colors

Black class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Angel Black'

VT-02-03-96C-1.jpg (243243 bytes)

VT-02-03-96C-2.JPG (258793 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-96C-3.JPG (260816 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-96C-4.JPG (275023 bytes)

C

VT-W-02-03-96D-4.JPG (281558 bytes)

D

VT-W-02-03-96C-5.JPG (100744 bytes)

C

VT-W-02-03-96D-5.JPG (103270 bytes)

D

5.1

96.

VT-W-02-03-FL96.JPG (75754 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-96C-D5-6.JPG (303546 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-96C-D5-7.JPG (307052 bytes)

Comments:

19

'Sorbet Black Delight'

VT-02-03-19C-1.jpg (252140 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-19C-2.JPG (282064 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-19C-3.JPG (301696 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-19C-4.JPG (313657 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-19C-5.JPG (118119 bytes)

5.8

19.  Best-of-class.
VT-W-02-03-FL19.JPG (214437 bytes)

PanAmerican Seed

Date:

9 March
 

VT-W-02-03-19C-D5-6.JPG (321907 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-19C-D5-7.JPG (337643 bytes)

Comments: 'Sorbet Black Delight' replaces 'Angel Black' as best-of-class.

Cream class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Angel Cream'

VT-02-03-49C-1.jpg (320088 bytes)

VT-02-03-49C2-2.JPG (273485 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-49C-3.JPG (283936 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-49C-4.JPG (299647 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-49C-5.JPG (119788 bytes)

6.1

49.  Best-of-class

VT-W-02-03-FL49.JPG (339078 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-49C-D5-6.JPG (316756 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-49C-D5-7.JPG (316863 bytes)

Comments:
 

'Penny Cream'

VT-02-03-82C-1.jpg (240517 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-82C-2.JPG (264820 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-82C-3.JPG (274544 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-82C-4.JPG (287125 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-82C-5.JPG (106956 bytes)

5.6

82.

VT-W-02-03-FL82.JPG (310902 bytes)

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-82C-D5-6.JPG (313749 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-82C-D5-7.JPG (310187 bytes)

Comments:

 Orange class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Penny Orange'

VT-02-03-80C-1.jpg (314523 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-80C-2.JPG (283529 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-80C-3.JPG (271289 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-80C-4.JPG (275319 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-80C-5.JPG (110151 bytes)

5.4

80 (orange only).  Best-of-class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL80.JPG (286333 bytes)

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-80C-D5-6.JPG (311575 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-80C-D5-7.JPG (306109 bytes)

Comments:  New 'Penny Orange', without a best-of-class for comparison.

Orange with purple, red-violet cap class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating Honors

'Sorbet Orange Duet'

VT-02-03-48C-1.jpg (247237 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-48C-2.JPG (280347 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-48C-3.JPG (291587 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-48C-4.JPG (295837 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-48C-5.JPG (119511 bytes)

5.6

48.

VT-W-02-03-FL48.JPG (249500 bytes)

Earlier in season

VT-W-02-03-48FLbreak.JPG (272385 bytes)

March Color

PanAmerican Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-48C-D5-6.JPG (318534 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-48C-D5-7.JPG (340935 bytes)

Comments: very full and uniform foliage.  In mid March, color in cap petals fades or breaks (see photo).

72

'Penny Orange Jump-Up'

VT-02-03-72C-1.jpg (239800 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-72C-2.JPG (269889 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-72C-3.JPG (273947 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-72C-4.JPG (297142 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-72C-5.JPG (118564 bytes)

6.0

72.  Best-of-Class.

VT-W-02-03-FL72.JPG (260790 bytes)

Earlier in season

VT-W-02-03-72FLno break.JPG (250332 bytes)

March Color

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-72C-D5-6.JPG (118442 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-72C-D5-7.JPG (326371 bytes)

Comments: very full and uniform foliage.  In mid March, color in cap petals does not show color fade or break (see photo).  'Penny Orange Jump-Up' remains best-of-class.

Purple (light),  blue-violet with yellow face and blotch class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Hobbit Bilbo Baggins'

VT-02-03-39C-1.jpg (243412 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-39C-2.JPG (288630 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-39C-3.JPG (286510 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-39C-4.JPG (308715 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-39C-5.JPG (118776 bytes)

5.7

39.  Best-of-Class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-39FLaC-4.JPG (238224 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-FL39.JPG (256669 bytes)

VT-W-02-03FL39b-muddy.JPG (247710 bytes)

Sahin

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-39C-D5-6.JPG (322550 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-39C-D5-7.JPG (337897 bytes)

Comments: 'Hobbit Bilbo Baggins' was uncontested (new class) because it was too dissimilar in color pattern from 'Princess Lavender Yellow' to be matched for best-of-class.  Ratings were high, but this cultivar produced a portion of its flowers with a "muddy" color in the cap petals that lost the clear blue contrast with the bright yellow, and points were taken off for this.  This variation can be seen above.  Plants are very uniform and compact.

Purple (light), blue-violet/yellow/white class

'Princess Lavender Yellow'

VT-02-03-35C-1.jpg (326704 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-35C-2.JPG (290649 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-35C-3.JPG (282029 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-35C-4.JPG (292264 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-35C-5.JPG (119189 bytes)

5.8

35, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL35.JPG (337626 bytes)

PanAmerican Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-35C-D5-6.JPG (310271 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-35C-D5-7.JPG (333482 bytes)

Comments:  Best-of-class 2001-2002 'Princess Lavender Yellow' was matched with 'Hobbit Bilbo Baggins', but the differences in color pattern were too dissimilar to be in the same class.  We could not find a good fit among our best-of-class for 'Hobbit Bilbo Baggins', making it a new class, uncontested..

Purple (dark), blue-violet with white cap class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Penny Beaconsfield'

VT-02-03-79C-1.jpg (325614 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-79C-2.JPG (290595 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-79C-3.JPG (280865 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-79C-4.JPG (282596 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-79C-5.JPG (119159 bytes)

5.8

79.  Best-of-class, uncontested.

VT-W-02-03-FL79.JPG (231610 bytes)

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-79C-D5-6.JPG (333226 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-79C-D5-7.JPG (317434 bytes)

Comments:

Yellow class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Penny Yellow'

VT-02-03-81C-1.jpg (267658 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-81C-2.JPG (301591 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-81C-3.JPG (306781 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-81C-4.JPG (310955 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-81C-5.JPG (120638 bytes)

5.8

81.

VT-W-02-03-FL81.JPG (297651 bytes)

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-81C-D5-6.JPG (316748 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-81C-D5-7.JPG (328838 bytes)

Comments:
 

'Angel Golden Yellow'

VT-02-03-94C-1.jpg (250262 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-94C-2.JPG (284726 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-94C-3.JPG (291394 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-94C-4.JPG (305693 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-94C-5.JPG (118116 bytes)

6.0

94.

VT-W-02-03-FL94.JPG (286075 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-94C-D5-6.JPG (322465 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-94C-D5-7.JPG (315489 bytes)

Comments:
 

'Jewel Lemon Yellow'

VT-02-03-198C-1.jpg (247914 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-198C-2.JPG (275628 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-198C-3.JPG (284552 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-198C-4.JPG (292808 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-198C-5.JPG (118244 bytes)

6.0

198 - Best-of-Class, based on overall foliage/flower rating.

VT-W-02-03-FL198.JPG (333072 bytes)
American Takii

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-198C-D5-6.JPG (307685 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-198C-D5-7.JPG (326844 bytes)

Comments:  'Jewel Lemon Yellow' had foliage/flower rating of 5.3 (5.2 for 'Angel Golden Yellow') and, therefore retains best-of-class.

Yellow w/blotch class

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Babyface Yellow'

VT-02-03-24C-1.jpg (264423 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-24C-2.JPG (287557 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-24C-3.JPG (293397 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-24C-4.JPG (314722 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-24C-5.JPG (120331 bytes)

6.2

24 - Best-of-Class

VT-W-02-03-FL24.JPG (237870 bytes)

PanAmerican Seed

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-24C-D5-6.JPG (305222 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-24C-D5-7.JPG (324435 bytes)

Comments: 'Baby Face Yellow' remains best-of-class.
 

'Angel Yellow Blotch'

VT-02-03-95C-1.jpg (261011 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-95C-2.JPG (282765 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-95C-3.JPG (290056 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-95C-4.JPG (304842 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-95C-5.JPG (120635 bytes)

5.9

95.

VT-W-02-03-FL95.JPG (258097 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-95C-D5-6.JPG (317852 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-95C-D5-7.JPG (336046 bytes)

Comments:

 

Yellow w/blotch and blue-white cap class

        

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Angel Frosted Yellow Blotch'

VT-02-03-98C-1.jpg (264335 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-98C-2.JPG (286619 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-98C-3.JPG (291391 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-98C-4.JPG (294589 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-98C-5.JPG (117738 bytes)

5.9

98.

VT-W-02-03FL98c.JPG (298424 bytes)

VT-W-02-03FL98d.JPG (262768 bytes)

Floranova Plant Breeders

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-98C-D5-6.JPG (314782 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-98C-D5-7.JPG (317249 bytes)

Comments:

White/yellow to blue color shift class    

Date:

29 December

11 January

26 January

11 February

22 February

Overall Rating

Honors

'Penny Azure Dawn'

VT-02-03-78C-1.jpg (331557 bytes)

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6.1

78.

VT-W-02-03-FL78.JPG (289145 bytes)

Flower Fields - Goldsmith Seeds

Date:

8 March

25 March

 

VT-W-02-03-78C-D5-6.JPG (313693 bytes)

VT-W-02-03-78C-D5-7.JPG (309377 bytes)

Comments:  Flower shifts color over time.
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